Nepal Fiscal Year and BS Calendar

Udyot ERP is built for Nepal’s calendar and fiscal year from the ground up. Every date uses the Bikram Sambat (BS) calendar, the fiscal year follows the Shrawan-to-Ashadh cycle the IRD requires, and labels like FY 2082/83 appear exactly where your accountant expects them. This article explains how the Nepal fiscal year and BS calendar work in Udyot ERP, and how to manage them day to day.

The Nepal fiscal year: Shrawan 1 to Ashadh end

Nepal’s fiscal year starts on 1 Shrawan and ends on the last day of Ashadh — roughly mid-July to mid-July in the Gregorian calendar. Udyot ERP labels each year in the standard Nepali convention: the BS year in which it starts, a slash, and the year in which it ends. For example, the year that begins 1 Shrawan 2082 is labelled 2082/83.

When you create a new company in Udyot ERP, the system automatically seeds the current Nepali fiscal year for you. You do not need to configure it manually to get started.

Bikram Sambat dates everywhere

All date fields throughout the system — vouchers, invoices, payroll, stock entries, reports — accept and display dates in Bikram Sambat format (for example, 2082-04-15 for the 15th of Shrawan 2082). The built-in BS date picker handles the variable month lengths of the BS calendar correctly: months range from 29 to 32 days depending on the year, unlike the fixed-length Gregorian months.

The 12 months of the Bikram Sambat calendar in order are: Baishakh, Jestha, Ashadh, Shrawan, Bhadra, Ashwin, Kartik, Mangsir, Poush, Magh, Falgun, Chaitra.

If you prefer to type or view dates in the Gregorian (AD) calendar, an AD toggle is available on every date picker. You can switch between BS and AD at any time; Udyot converts between the two automatically. Internally, dates are stored in AD so that sorting, aging reports, and date arithmetic are always reliable.

The active fiscal year pill

The top-right corner of every page in Udyot ERP shows your active fiscal year — for example, 2082/83. Most lists and reports filter to the active FY by default, so if a voucher you just posted does not appear in a list, the first thing to check is whether the active FY pill matches the date of the voucher.

You can switch the active FY at any time by clicking the pill and selecting a different year — useful when reviewing last year’s reports alongside the current year.

Cross-fiscal-year warnings

If you post a voucher dated outside the active fiscal year — for example, date 2081-04-15 while your active FY is 2082/83 — Udyot shows an amber warning after saving: “Voucher date lies outside the active fiscal year — this entry posts to FY 2081/82.” The voucher saves and lands in the correct year; the warning exists solely to prevent accidental wrong-year posting.

Adding a new fiscal year

Your current FY is created automatically, but if you need to work ahead — setting up next year’s budget, or keeping the system ready before Shrawan 1 arrives — you can add the next fiscal year manually.

1. Go to Settings → Fiscal Years.
2. Click + New Fiscal Year.
3. Enter the BS start date (e.g. 2083-04-01 for 1 Shrawan 2083) and the BS end date (e.g. 2084-03-32 for the last day of Ashadh 2084).
4. Give it a label such as 2083/84 and click Save.

Once saved, the new FY appears in the active FY pill dropdown and you can begin posting vouchers dated in that year.

Voucher numbering resets each fiscal year

By default, all voucher sequences — Sales, Purchase, Journal, Receipt, Payment — restart from 1 at the beginning of each new fiscal year. Your first Sales invoice of 2083/84 will be S/0001, independently of where 2082/83 ended. If you prefer continuous numbering, you can change this under the voucher type settings. Most Nepal businesses leave the default yearly restart, which aligns with IRD’s VAT numbering expectations.

Closing the fiscal year

At the end of each Nepali fiscal year (after 31 Ashadh), you run a period close to lock the year’s accounts and roll the net profit or loss into your equity. In Udyot ERP:

1. Go to Tax & Compliance → Period Closing.
2. Select the fiscal year you want to close (e.g. 2082/83).
3. Choose the closing account — Capital A/c for a sole proprietorship or partnership, or Retained Earnings for a private limited company.
4. Click Run Close.

After the close the period is locked — vouchers inside it become read-only and corrections must go through the prior-period error workflow (NAS 8 §41). See Closing the Financial Year for the full guide.

BS calendar and IRD / VAT compliance

Nepal’s IRD requires VAT returns, purchase and sales books, and TDS filings in BS date format. Udyot ERP generates all statutory reports this way automatically. When you generate a VAT return for a given BS month — for example, Shrawan 2082 — the report includes every taxable transaction dated within that month.

For more on Nepal VAT compliance, see Nepal VAT Overview and Generating VAT Returns and IRD Annexes.

BS calendar and payroll

Salary structures, leave periods, PF/SSF contributions, and payslip dates all follow the BS calendar. Payroll for Shrawan 2082 is separate from Bhadra 2082, and TDS on salaries is computed per BS month for Annex-10 filing. See Salary Structures and Payroll Processing and TDS on Salaries for details.

Related articles

• Setting Up Your Company — create your company and the first fiscal year
• Closing the Financial Year — lock the period, roll profits, and reopen if needed
• Nepal VAT Overview — 13% VAT, VAT registration, and how Udyot computes output and input tax
• Generating VAT Returns and IRD Annexes — Annex 1, Annex 13, and IRD-format CSV export
• TDS (Tax Deducted at Source) — section codes, rates, withholding, and TDS certificates
• Recording Vouchers — how to enter day-to-day transactions with BS dates